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    Hamlet, summary

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    Hamlet, summary Empty Hamlet, summary

    مُساهمة  Mr. Mag السبت مايو 15, 2010 9:42 am

    King Hamlet was the king of Denmark. His wife, Gertrude, was the queen of Denmark. The king and his wife had a son whose name was Prince Hamlet.

    Prince Hamlet was very sad when his father died but he became more shocked and sadder when, after two months of his father's death, his mother, married his uncle, Claudius, who was not as good and as respectable as king Hamlet.

    His mother and his uncle, Claudius, tried to please the young prince and to bring him back to his normal way of life, but they didn't succeed. He insisted wearing a black suit, as mourning for his father's death. Prince Hamlet had suspicious that his father had been poisoned by Claudius in murder plant.

    One night, Hamlet and his friend, Horatio, were talking to one of the guards when exactly at midnight a ghost appeared. The ghost looked at Hamlet as it were desiring to talk to him. Hamlet gained some courage and called at the ghost saying

    " King, father, royal Dane, O, answer me!"

    After they reached a place where they couldn't be seen and hear, the ghost told Hamlet that he had been poisoned by both his wife, Gertrude, and his own brother, Claudius. Then it asked Hamlet to take revenge and kill Claudius. As for Gertrude, the ghost said to hamlet "Don't kill your mother. Let her suffer all her life …." Hamlet promised the ghost to take revenge and then the ghost disappeared.

    Hamlet didn’t want the king and the queen to discover that he knew about the murder of his father. He pretended that he was mad, and acted as a madman. The king and the queen were both deceived by Hamlet's behaviour, and thought that his madness was caused by his love to Ophelia, the daughter of Polonius, the king's chief advisor.

    He had sent her letters and precious gifts and she made him believe that she loved him.

    Hamlet wanted to kill the king but there were a lot of reasons that make him confused and indecisive. While he was in this state of confusion there came to the court a group of actors who Hamlet had known before his father's death. Hamlet welcomed them and requested to play something like the murder of his father. Hamlet invited the King and the queen to see this play. Hamlet sat near the king to observe his looks. Soon afterwards the queen and the king realized that the play was about the murder of Hamlet's father. In the middle of the play, Claudius pretended that he was sick and left the theatre.

    After the play was over, the king advised the queen to talk to Hamlet and to tell him that he should stop offending his uncle, the king. The king also instructed Polonius to stand behind a curtain to hear everything the queen said to Hamlet. The queen told Hamlet that he had given great offence to his father, Claudius. Hamlet replied" Mother, you have much offended my father by calling this husband of yours "my father". He also added, "This man who you refer to as my father is no better than the murderer of my true father". The queen was very angry and wanted to go to and ask the king or Polonius to come and talk to Hamlet, but Hamlet wouldn't let her go. The queen was frightened and shouted "Help! Help! " . A voice was heard behind the curtain, and thinking that it was the king, Hamlet drew his sword and stabbed at the place where the voice came. But when he pulled the body from behind the curtain, it wasn't the king but Polonius. After few minutes and while he was arguing with the queen the ghost of his father entered the room just to remind him of the revenge he had promised, which Hamlet seemed to have forgotten. It then vanished.

    Ophelia, Polonius's daughter, was shocked to hear that her father was killed by her lover. Gradually she fell into melancholy and at times she seemed to be mad. She soon fell sick and she was died.

    Laertes, Polonius's son, was very angry for the death of his father and his sister, contrived together with Claudius destruction for Hamlet. He challenged Hamlet to a friendly trial of skill at fencing. Hamlet accepts the challenge and a date was fixed for the match. At this match all court was present, and Laertes by direction of Claudius, prepared a poisoned sword. At the beginning of the match, Hamlet appeared to be more skillful than Laetres, but suddenly Laetres made a deadly thrust at Hamlet with his poisoned sword, and gave him a deadly blow. As the match grew fiercer, Hamlet got hold of the sword of Laertes and stabbed Laetres with his own poisoned sword.

    At the moment the queen shouted in pain that she was poisoned by drinking out of a bowl which the king had prepared for Hamlet and he had forgotten to warn the queen of that bowl.

    In a few seconds the poisoned queen was dead. Hamlet ordered the doors to be shut. Laertes was beginning to get weaker because of his wound and asking Hamlet to forgive him and that his sword was poisoned and that the king was responsible for everything and then he died. On hearing that, Hamlet turned to Claudius and thrust the poisoned point of his sword to his heart. After that Hamlet turned to his friend, Horatio, and asked him to tell his story to the whole world, and soon died.
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    Hamlet, summary Empty Characters

    مُساهمة  Mr. Mag السبت مايو 15, 2010 9:45 am

    Hamlet, Prince of Denmark Characters
    (some other workks by: Shakespeare)
    Hamlet
    Julius Caesar
    King Henry IV
    King Lear
    Macbeth
    Merchant of Venice
    Othello
    Romeo and Juliet
    The Tempest
    Twelfth Night


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    Hamlet Characters guide studies each character's role and motivation in this play.

    Hamlet: Son of the late King Hamlet of Denmark and nephew to the present King. Famous for the graveyard scene where holding the skull of deceased jester Yorick, Hamlet realizes man has little lasting control over his fate and also for describing man as the "paragon of animals!" Educated in Wittenburg and introduced to us in Act I, Scene II, Hamlet resents his mother Queen Gertrude marrying King Claudius within two months of his father King Hamlet's death to which she was previously married.

    Distrustful of King Claudius, Hamlet is equally weary of the King's spies, Guildenstern and Rosencrantz who attempt to know his true intentions. When Hamlet meets King Hamlet's Ghost and learns that King Claudius murdered his father, Hamlet changes from a distrustful, disillusioned young man to one driven to avenge his father's death. To this end, Hamlet distrusts and rejects all those around him whom he believes are spying on him for King Claudius.

    Fearing that his intentions could be revealed, Hamlet invents a madness to distract and hide his true intentions from King Claudius' many spies. This includes Ophelia, the women he loves whom he bitterly rejects when he learns she has betrayed him.

    Cunning and inventive, Hamlet changes the lines of a play performed before King Claudius to divine whether King Hamlet's Ghost told him the truth about his father's death. At the end of the play, Hamlet kills both Rosencrantz and Guildenstern (indirectly), Laertes and finally King Claudius before dying himself from a wound inflicted by Laertes.

    Horatio: Friend to Hamlet and the one person Hamlet truly trusts. Witnesses King Hamlet's Ghost in Act I. At the end of the play, Horatio wishes to commit suicide to join Hamlet in death but Hamlet convinces him to live so he can tell his story, restoring Hamlet's name.

    Claudius: The present King of Denmark, King Claudius took Queen Gertrude whom he loves as his queen and wife, much to the consternation of Hamlet who believes his mother has betrayed him and his father's memory by doing so. Cautious and suspicious, Claudius has courtiers Rosencrantz and Guildenstern and Hamlet's love interest Ophelia spying on Hamlet for him since as he says, the great ones must be watched. Distrustful of Hamlet and his "madness", King Claudius has Hamlet deported to England to be killed when he fears he has become a threat.

    Instead, Hamlet returns to Denmark, and King Claudius manipulates Laertes into killing Hamlet for him. Unfortunately, King Claudius' plan to poison Hamlet backfires, killing his beloved Queen Gertrude instead. In Act III, Scene III, King Claudius reveals his inner guilt and the knowledge that he cannot avoid God's judgment of him... Dies at the end of the play to the poison tipped sword of Hamlet.

    Gertrude: Queen of Denmark and mother to Hamlet, Queen Gertrude is resented deeply by Hamlet for marrying King Claudius within two months of his father, King Hamlet's death. Hamlet makes this bitterly clear throughout the play especially in his first soliloquy in Act I, Scene II. Queen Gertrude loves her son but when she sees a play mocking her actions, she famously says of the female character who vows never to forget her husband, "The lady doth [does] protest too much, methinks [I think]", (Act III, Scene II, Line 242) in an attempt to justify her own actions in remarrying so quickly. Clearly loving of Hamlet, she realizes her wrong when Hamlet scolds her mercilessly in Act III, Scene V. She agrees to no longer share King Claudius' bed, and aids her son by hiding Hamlet's true mental state from King Claudius. Dies in Act V, Scene II, to a poisoned cup of wine meant for Hamlet.

    Polonius: Lord Chamberlain. The father of Laertes and Ophelia, Lord Chamberlain Polonius dutifully serves King Claudius. When news of Hamlet's madness circulate, Polonius is certain that his daughter Ophelia is responsible, having made Hamlet lovesick. Worried that Hamlet's intentions for his daughter are dishonorable, Polonius orders Ophelia to keep her distance. Later when King Claudius needs information, Polonius uses his daughter to spy on Hamlet. He even has Reynaldo, a servant spy on his own son Laertes in Paris. An enthusiastic spy for King Claudius, Polonius is killed by Hamlet when he attempts to listen in on a conversation between Hamlet and Queen Gertrude in Act III, Scene IV. His death leads to Ophelia's madness and later drowning brought on by grief and also to Laertes' alliance with King Claudius to kill Hamlet, to avenge Polonius, his father's death.

    Reynaldo: Servant to Polonius, Reynaldo is instructed to spy on his Laertes in Paris in Act II, Scene I.

    Laertes: Polonius' son, Laertes is held in high esteem for his fencing skills. Famous for the advise, "to thine own self be true," (be true to yourself) and the advise to "Neither a borrower, nor a lender be;" in Act I, Scene III. Laertes' role in this play is minor until the death of his father Polonius. From this point on, Laertes emerges as rather more assertive, confronting King Claudius personally to know his father's whereabouts, arguing with a Priest for being disrespectful to his sister, fighting Hamlet above his sister's grave and ultimately conspiring to and killing Hamlet with the help of King Claudius. We see little of Laertes' inner character however since he responds to events continuously. Loving of his sister Ophelia, he must watch his sister's cruel decay into madness helplessly following his father's death. Dies in Act V, Scene II, the victim of a wound inflicted upon him by Hamlet with his own poison tipped sword.

    Ophelia: The daughter to Polonius, Ophelia is loved by Hamlet. Unfortunately as Queen Gertrude laments at Ophelia's funeral, Ophelia never marries Hamlet. Dutiful to her father, she ignores Hamlet's romantic overtures when instructed to ignore them by her father Polonius. Receives advice on how to live from brother Laertes in Act I, Scene III. Though loved by Hamlet, Ophelia ultimately betrays him by spying on him for King Claudius. As a result Hamlet mercilessly insults her virtue during the play "The Murder of Gonzago" in Act III, Scene II. A dutiful daughter, Ophelia descends into madness from the grief of losing her father Polonius and later drowns in circumstances that suggest a possible suicide. Her funeral is the location of a fight between Hamlet and Laertes that centers on which loved her more; Hamlet believes he did, resenting Laertes exaggerated emphasis of his sorrow...

    Fortinbras: Prince of Norway. The son of King Fortinbras, who was defeated by King Hamlet, Young Fortinbras has raised an army to reclaim the lands lost by his father to King Hamlet and Denmark. Convinced into attacking the Polish instead, Young Fortinbras displays all the noble, honor driven qualities, Hamlet wishes he had. At the end of the play, Young Fortinbras is recommended by Hamlet to be the next King of Denmark. Parallels Hamlet's character in that like Hamlet his father was a ruler (King of Norway) and that both are now nephews to the current rulers of their lands..

    Rosencrantz, Guildenstern: Courtiers to King Claudius, both these men grew up with Hamlet. As a result King Claudius recruits them to spy on Hamlet for him. Neither man has a problem trading in their friendship to betray Hamlet; they serve the King. Both die when the instructions they bear from King Claudius are altered by Hamlet to instruct King Claudius' English associates to kill those bearing his commission immediately (Rosencrantz and Guildenstern).

    Voltimand, Cornelius, Osric and a Gentleman: Courtiers.

    A Priest: Introduces at Ophelia's funeral, the Priest insults Laertes by expressing his personal opinion that Ophelia does not deserve a proper Christian burial for ending her life by suicide, which was considered a sin unworthy of proper burial.

    Marcellus and Bernardo: Officers who initially spot King Hamlet's Ghost in Act I, Scene I.

    Francisco: A soldier. Famous for the lines "'tis [it is] bitter cold, / And I am sick at heart" which sets the tone of this tragedy.

    A Captain, English Ambassadors, Players, Two Clowns (Gravediggers), Lords, Ladies, Officers, Soldiers, Sailors, Messengers, and Attendants.

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